Seaports serve as the vital arteries of global trade, through which the vast majority of goods and commodities pass. With rapid technological advancements and the emergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0), ports are undergoing a radical transformation toward a model known as "Smart Ports." This transformation is not limited to merely upgrading infrastructure, but extends to integrating advanced digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, and Blockchain to enhance operational efficiency, improve logistical performance, reduce environmental impact, and boost competitiveness (Paraskevas et al., 2024).

The Red Sea region holds immense strategic importance in global maritime trade, serving as a vital corridor connecting East and West. The region encompasses major ports such as Jeddah and King Abdullah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Sokhna in Egypt, and Aden in Yemen, which play a pivotal role in regional and international trade flows. As global trade volume grows and supply chains become increasingly complex...